# Choline

URL: https://app.greenveil.ai/ingredients/ingredient_cas_139741_81_4
Categories: food
Identifier: 139741-81-4

> Choline. Greenveil chemical-concern score: 40/100 — Moderate concern based on regulatory listings.. Compiled from 1 published data source.

## Safety assessment

- Chemical concern score: 40/100 — Moderate concern based on regulatory listings.
- Confidence in this assessment: High
- Is it a concern? Moderate concern: no hazard classifications on record.
- Rationale: EFSA OpenFoodTox genotoxicity classification: No data. Source: EFSA NDA 2016

## Regulatory status

- EU: EFSA opinion — Dietary Reference Values for choline (EFSA NDA)

## Expert safety opinions

- JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives): no opinion on file.
- EFSA (European Food Safety Authority): Dietary Reference Values for choline (EFSA NDA) — 2016 — https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4484.

## Data sources

- EFSA OpenFoodTox (updated 2026-10-02): https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8120114

_Assessed by Greenveil._