beauty
industrial
pharma

D&C red no. 28

CAS 18472-87-2 · 70/100 · High conf.

Also registered as 8 other CAS numbers

4618-23-9 · 12777-84-3 · 37361-25-4 · 51374-31-3 · 157367-38-9 · 198831-99-1 · 840499-87-8 · 13473-26-2

Concern score

70/100High concern based on regulatory listings.

High confidence

D&C red no. 28 in plain language

What it is: On cosmetic ingredient lists it appears as “Acid red 92”.
Also known as Acid red 92 · CI 45410 · Solvent red 48 · D & c red #28 · FD&C red no. 28 (delisted) · Phloxine b
Show all 19 names
D&C Red 28 · AKA104(1) · Red 28 · C.I. 45410 · C.I. acid red 92 · Cyanosin · D&C red no. 27 disodium salt · Dc red no. 28 · Eosin blue · Japan red 104 · Phloxin b · Red no. 104 · 3427 Veri Pur Pink
What it does: Used in cosmetics as a colourant and a hair dye. Acid Red 92 is classed chemically as a xanthene colour.
Colorant
Hair dyeing
Colourant
Is it a concern?: High concern: no hazard classifications on record. It is restricted in EU cosmetics.

Why it's flagged

Fluorescein, 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromo-4,5,6,7- tetrachloro-, disodium salt (CI 45410) is restricted in cosmetic products under Annex III of the EU Cosmetics Regulation (EC) 1223/2009.

RestrictedEU EC — restricted

The score describes this ingredient's chemical identity — its hazard profile from published classifications and regulatory status — not the safety of any product it appears in.

Regulation

Restrictions first, then routine listings from published regulatory sources.

EU Annex III — restricted
EU Annex IV — permitted colorant
EU permitted colorant
EU restricted in cosmetics
Inactive ingredient in US drugs

Recorded in these product areas

Found in consumer products
Beauty
Industrial

EUEC
Annex III of EU Cosmetics Regulation (EC) 1223/2009: substances which cosmetic products must not contain except subject to the restrictions laid down. Product types: (a) Hair dye substance in oxidative hair dye products (b) Hair dye substance in non-oxidative hair dye products Maximum concentration: (b) 0,4 % Other conditions: (a) After mixing under oxidative conditions the maximum concentration applied to hair must not exceed 2,0 % Conditions of use and warnings: (a) To be printed on the label: The mixing ratio. “ Hair colorants can cause severe allergic reactions. Read and follow instructions. This product is not intended for use on persons under the age of 16. Temporary ‘black henna’ tattoos may increase your risk of allergy. Do not colour your hair if: — you have a rash on your face or sensitive, irritated and damaged scalp, — you have ever…
restricted
View source →

USFDAinactive ingredient database11 entries — 2 administration routes
- Route: ORAL; Dosage form: CAPSULE; Maximum daily exposure: 1 mgSource →
- Route: ORAL; Dosage form: CAPSULE, COATED PELLETS; Potency: NASource →
- Route: ORAL; Dosage form: CAPSULE, COATED, EXTENDED RELEASE; Potency: NASource →
- Route: ORAL; Dosage form: CAPSULE, DELAYED RELEASE; Maximum daily exposure: 1 mgSource →
- Route: ORAL; Dosage form: CAPSULE, EXTENDED RELEASE; Potency: 0.2 mgSource →
- Route: ORAL; Dosage form: POWDER, FOR SOLUTION; Maximum daily exposure: 3 mgSource →
- Route: ORAL; Dosage form: POWDER, FOR SUSPENSION; Potency: 0.7 mg/5mlSource →
- Route: ORAL; Dosage form: SUSPENSION; Potency: 2.5 mg/5mlSource →
- Route: ORAL; Dosage form: TABLET; Potency: NASource →
- Route: TOPICAL; Dosage form: AEROSOL; Potency: NASource →
- Route: TOPICAL; Dosage form: SOAP; Potency: NASource →
EUCosIngActive5 entries
- Cosmetics Regulation annex IV / ref 79.Source →
- Acid Red 92 is classed chemically as a xanthene colour. It conforms to the formula: Restriction: IV/79Source →
- CI 45410 is classed chemically as a xanthene colour. It conforms to the formula: Restriction: IV/79 III/270 (Acid Red 9)Source →
- Cosmetics Regulation annex III / ref 270.Source →
- Solvent Red 48 is classed chemically as a fluoran color. It conforms to the formula. (To identify the colorant allowed for use in the European Union (EU), the INCI Name CI 45410 must be used, except for hair dye products).Source →
EUECallowed_listedAnnex IV of EU Cosmetics Regulation (EC) 1223/2009: colorants allowed in cosmetic products. Conditions of use and warnings: Not more than 1% 2-(6-hydroxy-3-oxo-3H-xanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid and 2% 2-(bromo-6-hydroxy-3-oxo-3H-xanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid
- Annex IV of EU Cosmetics Regulation (EC) 1223/2009: colorants allowed in cosmetic products. Conditions of use and warnings: Not more than 1% 2-(6-hydroxy-3-oxo-3H-xanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid and 2% 2-(bromo-6-hydroxy-3-oxo-3H-xanthen-9-yl)benzoic acidSource →
USEPAcommercial use observedEPA CPDat observed this chemical in 162 composition records across product categories including Raw materials, Laboratory supplies, Personal care. EPA CPDat classifies this chemical for functional uses including Dye.
- EPA CPDat observed this chemical in 162 composition records across product categories including Raw materials, Laboratory supplies, Personal care. EPA CPDat classifies this chemical for functional uses including Dye.Source →
USFDAlisted in openFDA substanceopenFDA substance registry classifies this ingredient as chemical.
- openFDA substance registry classifies this ingredient as chemical.Source →

Expert safety opinions

No expert opinion on file for D&C red no. 28. These are the independent scientific bodies that assess ingredients like this one; we show an opinion only when a record we hold cites it.

SCCS
EU Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety
No SCCS opinion on file.
CIR
Cosmetic Ingredient Review (US expert panel)
No CIR safety assessment on file.

Evidence & sources

No graded research studies for D&C red no. 28 yet. This record is compiled from the published data sources below — registries and regulatory listings, not study findings.

8 data sources

Where this comes from

CosIng
regulatory · updated 2026-09-23
Open →
EU CosIng Cosmetics Regulation Annexes
regulatory · updated 2020-08-14
Open →
EPA Chemical and Products Database
exposure · updated September 2013
Open →
EPA DSSTox Identifiers
chemistry · updated 2025-12-29
Open →
FDA Inactive Ingredient Database
regulatory · updated 2026-01-09
Open →
FDA GSRS UNII
registry · updated 2026-02-26
Open →
openFDA Substance
registry · updated 2026-05-24
Open →
PubChem Live Enrichment
chemistry · updated 2026-05-17
Open →

Suitability

Context-specific fit derived from published classifications and the current ingredient evidence profile.

Food use

Food-use source coverage is present in the current record.

Good fit

The ingredient appears in food-oriented source coverage or allowed-use references, which makes food use easier to support than a context with no domain signal at all.

Fragrance avoidance

No fragrance-linked caution surfaced in the current profile.

Good fit

This ingredient does not currently read as a fragrance-linked driver in the published evidence and hazard profile.

Where it has been recorded

How often EPA CPDat has listed D&C red no. 28 in a product composition. These are source records, not Greenveil catalog products.

Source records

162

Named organisations

Raw materialsLaboratory suppliesPersonal careConstruction

Typical roles

ColorantHair dyeingColourant

See products using D&C red no. 28 →

Catalog

Found in these products

Their ingredient lists include D&C red no. 28; each product's own rating depends on its whole formula, so it is shown on the product page, not here.

See all 152 →Find products without it →