Cochineal / carmineInsect-derived red colour; documented allergic and anaphylactic reactions.
CarrageenanDegraded carrageenan, and in some animal/in-vitro studies food-grade carrageenan, are linked to intestinal inflammation; human evidence is limited and contested.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)Synthetic emulsifier linked in animal and in-vitro studies to gut-microbiome disruption and intestinal inflammation; human evidence is emerging.
Per-ingredient concern · chemical identity, not food safety
