beauty
cleaning
food
industrial

Carbon dioxide

CAS 2684-00-6 · 40/100 · High conf.

Also registered as 8 other CAS numbers

26796-46-3 · 18923-20-1 · 957761-35-2 · 1053656-66-8 · 1053659-60-1 · 1173022-42-8 · 1202865-27-7 · 124-38-9

Concern score

40/100Moderate concern based on regulatory listings.

High confidence

Carbon dioxide in plain language

What it is: Also known as Carbonic acid anhydride · Dry ice (solid form) · CO2 · Methanedione · AER Fixus · After-damp
Show all 31 names
Anhydride carbonique · Bioxido de Carbono · Refrigerated liquid carbon dioxide · Carbonic acid · Carbon oxide (CO2) · Carbon oxide, di- · Carbon-12 dioxide · Carbon-12C dioxide-16O2 · Carbonic acid gas · Carbonic anhydride · Carbonica · Dioxido de carbono · Dioxyde de carbone · E-290 · Ins NO.290 · INS-290 · Khladon 744 · Kohlendioxyd · Kohlensaure · R 744 · carbon dioxide (propellant) · carbon dioxide vp: 760 · carbon dioxide. vp: 2.0 · carbon dioxide. vp: 760.0 · carbonei dioxidum
What it does: Used in cosmetics as a propellant.
Propellant
Food additive, extraction solvent, freezing agent, preservative, propellant
Antioxidant
pH adjuster
Solvent
Flavouring
Is it a concern?: Moderate concern: no hazard classifications on record. It is listed for cosmetic use in the EU.

Why it's flagged

EPA CPDat observed this chemical in 2726 composition records across product categories including Construction and building materials, Raw materials, Specialty occupational products.

The score describes this ingredient's chemical identity — its hazard profile from published classifications and regulatory status — not the safety of any product it appears in.

Regulation

No restrictions found. Carbon dioxide appears in these published regulatory listings.

In marketed US drugs
Inactive ingredient in US drugs

Recorded in these product areas

Found in consumer products
Cleaning
Food
Industrial

EUCosIngActiveListed in CosIng inventory for cosmetic use.
- Listed in CosIng inventory for cosmetic use.Source →
EUEFSAConclusion on Pesticides Peer ReviewPeer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance carbon dioxide (EFSA)
- Peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance carbon dioxide (EFSA)Source →
GLOBALJECFAEvaluatedJECFA evaluation record.
- JECFA evaluation record.Source →
GLOBALJECFANOT SPECIFIEDJECFA evaluation lists ADI NOT SPECIFIED. Functional class: food additive, extraction solvent, freezing agent, preservative, propellant.
- JECFA evaluation lists ADI NOT SPECIFIED. Functional class: food additive, extraction solvent, freezing agent, preservative, propellant.Source →
USEPAcommercial use observedEPA CPDat observed this chemical in 2726 composition records across product categories including Construction and building materials, Raw materials, Specialty occupational products. EPA CPDat classifies this chemical for functional uses including Propellants, non-motive (blowing agents), Solvent, Biocide.
- EPA CPDat observed this chemical in 2726 composition records across product categories including Construction and building materials, Raw materials, Specialty occupational products. EPA CPDat classifies this chemical for functional uses including Propellants, non-motive (blowing agents), Solvent, Biocide.Source →
USFDAlisted in openFDA substanceopenFDA substance registry classifies this ingredient as chemical.
- openFDA substance registry classifies this ingredient as chemical.Source →
USFDAinactive ingredient databaseRoute: INTRAVENOUS; Dosage form: INJECTION; Potency: ADJ PH
- Route: INTRAVENOUS; Dosage form: INJECTION; Potency: ADJ PHSource →
USFDAmarketed drug occurrenceFDA NDC lists this ingredient in 65 active drug products and 66 total products.
- FDA NDC lists this ingredient in 65 active drug products and 66 total products.Source →

Expert safety opinions

Independent scientific assessments cited by the records we hold, with the year and link where the record gives one.

SCCS
EU Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety
No SCCS opinion on file.
CIR
Cosmetic Ingredient Review (US expert panel)
No CIR safety assessment on file.
EFSA
European Food Safety Authority
- Peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance carbon dioxide (EFSA)
  2021 · EU EFSA listing · Read the source →
JECFA
Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives
- JECFA evaluation record.
  Year not recorded · GLOBAL JECFA listing · Read the source →
- JECFA evaluation lists ADI NOT SPECIFIED. Functional class: food additive, extraction solvent, freezing agent, preservative, propellant.
  Year not recorded · GLOBAL JECFA listing · Read the source →

Evidence & sources

No graded research studies for Carbon dioxide yet. This record is compiled from the published data sources below — registries and regulatory listings, not study findings.

10 data sources

Where this comes from

CosIng
regulatory · updated 2026-09-23
Open →
EFSA OpenFoodTox
regulatory · updated 2026-10-04
Open →
EPA Chemical and Products Database
exposure · updated november 6, 2019
Open →
EPA DSSTox Identifiers
chemistry · updated 2025-12-29
Open →
FDA Inactive Ingredient Database
regulatory · updated 2026-01-09
Open →
FDA National Drug Code Directory
regulatory · updated 2027-12-31
Open →
FDA GSRS UNII
registry · updated 2026-02-26
Open →
WHO JECFA Database
regulatory · updated 2026-10-04
Open →
openFDA Substance
registry · updated 2026-05-24
Open →
PubChem Live Enrichment
chemistry · updated 2026-05-17
Open →

Reference links (2)

Openfda substance

accessdata.fda.gov

Read →

Openfda substance

apps.who.int

Read →

Suitability

Context-specific fit derived from published classifications and the current ingredient evidence profile.

Food use

Food-use source coverage is present in the current record.

Good fit

The ingredient appears in food-oriented source coverage or allowed-use references, which makes food use easier to support than a context with no domain signal at all.

Fragrance avoidance

No fragrance-linked caution surfaced in the current profile.

Good fit

This ingredient does not currently read as a fragrance-linked driver in the published evidence and hazard profile.

Where it has been recorded

How often EPA CPDat has listed Carbon dioxide in a product composition. These are source records, not Greenveil catalog products.

Source records

2,726

Named organisations

Construction and building materialsRaw materialsSpecialty occupational productsIndustrial productsHome maintenanceLaboratory supplies

Typical roles

PropellantFood additive, extraction solvent, freezing agent, preservative, propellantAntioxidantpH adjusterSolventFlavouring

See products using Carbon dioxide →

Catalog

Found in these products

Their ingredient lists include Carbon dioxide; each product's own rating depends on its whole formula, so it is shown on the product page, not here.

See all 616 →Find products without it →

Co-occurrence

Often appears with

Ingredients that frequently appear alongside Carbon dioxide in the catalog.

Cobaltous cationCo occurs