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Flagged additives

• Ammonia caramel — Caramel colour class III; may contain 4-methylimidazole (4-MEI), an animal carcinogen.
• Monosodium glutamate (MSG) — Flavour enhancer; self-reported intolerance ('MSG symptom complex'); EFSA flagged exposure above the group ADI.
• Triphosphates — Inorganic phosphate additives are highly bioavailable; high additive-phosphate intake is associated with increased cardiovascular and kidney burden, particularly in chronic kidney disease.
• Polyphosphates — Inorganic phosphate additives are highly bioavailable; high additive-phosphate intake is associated with increased cardiovascular and kidney burden, particularly in chronic kidney disease.
• Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) — Synthetic emulsifier linked in animal and in-vitro studies to gut-microbiome disruption and intestinal inflammation; human evidence is emerging.
• Disodium 5'-ribonucleotides — Ribonucleotide flavour enhancer typically used together with monosodium glutamate (E621); may contribute to symptoms reported by glutamate-sensitive individuals.