Japanese Ramen "Tonkotsu" taste

Flagged additives

• Ammonia caramel — Caramel colour class III; may contain 4-methylimidazole (4-MEI), an animal carcinogen.
• Monosodium glutamate (MSG) — Flavour enhancer; self-reported intolerance ('MSG symptom complex'); EFSA flagged exposure above the group ADI.
• Diphosphates — Inorganic phosphate additives are highly bioavailable; high additive-phosphate intake is associated with increased cardiovascular and kidney burden, particularly in chronic kidney disease.
• Disodium guanylate — Ribonucleotide flavour enhancer typically used together with monosodium glutamate (E621); may contribute to symptoms reported by glutamate-sensitive individuals.
• Disodium inosinate — Ribonucleotide flavour enhancer typically used together with monosodium glutamate (E621); may contribute to symptoms reported by glutamate-sensitive individuals.